NORMALIZATION is a database design technique that organizes tables in a manner that reduces redundancy and dependency of data. Normalization divides larger tables into smaller tables and links them using relationships. The purpose of Normalization is to eliminate redundant (useless) data and ensure data is stored logically. The inventor of the relational model Edgar Codd proposed the theory of normalization with the introduction of the First Normal Form, and he continued to extend theory with Second and Third Normal Form. Later he joined Raymond F. Boyce to develop the theory of Boyce-Codd Normal Form. In this tutorial, you will learn- 1NF Rules 2NF Rules 3NF Rules BCNF (Boyce-Codd Normal Form) Database Normal Forms The Theory of Data Normalization in SQL is still being developed further. For example, there are discussions even on 6 th Normal Form. However, in most practical applications, normalization achieves its best in 3 rd Normal Form . The evolution of Nor
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SQL vs NoSQL SQL databases are primarily called as Relational Databases (RDBMS); whereas NoSQL database are primarily called as non-relational or distributed database. SQL databases are table based databases whereas NoSQL databases are document based, key-value pairs, graph databases or wide-column stores. This means that SQL databases represent data in form of tables which consists of n number of rows of data whereas NoSQL databases are the collection of key-value pair, documents, graph databases or wide-column stores which do not have standard schema definitions which it needs to adhered to. SQL databases have predefined schema whereas NoSQL databases have dynamic schema for unstructured data. SQL databases are vertically scalable whereas the NoSQL databases are horizontally scalable. SQL databases are scaled by increasing the horse-power of the hardware. NoSQL databases are scaled by increasing the databases servers in the pool of resources to reduce the load. SQL databases
I have shared a lot of books related to Java and related technologies in the past e.g. Spring, Hibernate, JVM internals and performance tuning, multi-threading and concurrency, design patterns, data structure and algorithms etc, but I haven't shared core Java books for beginners yet. Even though I have mentioned a couple of popular titles every now and then, I really didn't have a good compilation of essential core Java books for beginners. Since Java is one of the most popular programming languages and has very good job prospect it has became a choice of programming language to start learning coding and application development, it makes sense to start well with core Java . This article contains books which will teach you how to code using Java programming language. In the gone by era, when C and C++ ruled the academics and was the first languages Engineers and Programmer used to learn how to code, we usually have some good recommendations to start with e.g. T
Every trade has their tools, and Java programming is no exception. In fact, good knowledge of tools and mastery of using them, saves a lot of time in design, development, testing, debugging, and troubleshooting any production issue. In order to become a good developer, you must know right tools for right jobs. A developer without tools and tricks are like a toothless lion, hence it's very important that you devote some time on learning tools required for your day to day job. Many developers think that learning an IDE like Eclipse, NetBeans or IntelliJ is enough, but that's just the start of the process. No doubt that IDEs are the most important tool ever created for programmers but they are not the solution for everything. There are always some more tools and tricks which you can learn from your peer or teammates. Some tools are specific to your project and some tools are very general and you can use it in any project. Similarly, just knowing Java tools are not enoug
Discontinued products and services Applications that have been retired by Google, either because of integration with other Google products, or through lack of support: Google Checkout – online payment processing service provided by Google aimed at simplifying the process of paying for online purchases. Webmasters can choose to implement Google Checkout as a form of payment. Merged into Google Wallet. Aardvark – Social search utility which allows people to ask and answer questions within their social networks. It uses people's claimed expertise to match askers with good answerers. Google Answers – Online knowledge market offered by Google that allowed users to post bounties for well researched answers to their queries. Discontinued on November 28, 2006; still accessible. Audio Ads – Radio advertising program for US businesses. Rolled out on May 15, 2007 through the AdWords interface. Discontinued on February 12, 2009. Google Base – Google submission database that ena